Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia is the result of a prostate gland which has become enlarged, caused by the over growth of prostate cells. It is a non-cancerous health issue; however the prostate gland is an essential element of the reproductive system in males. The prostate gland secrets a fluid into the urethra in the course of ejaculation. It's found beneath the neck area of the urinary bladder, encompassing the urethra. While the primary cause of BPH is still unknown, it is theorized to be caused by a decrease in testosterone as male’s age. It is also said to be a result of family history.

In the United States alone, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia occurs in nearly half of the males at the age of 50 suffering from an enlarged prostate, and those that are 80 years or older have an 80 to 90% chance of getting the condition. There are actually almost 2 million men treated for BPH here every year. The symptoms of BPH and prostate cancer are very similar; however BPH hasn't been connected to the development of prostate cancer.

As the prostate enlarges it squeezes the urethra, which flows through the middle of the prostate gland. Over time it will begin to limit the passing of urine along with making you feel like you have go constantly but are unable to. The symptoms the restriction causes can be anywhere from mild to extremely painful and eventually can have a major impact of the sufferer's life.

Some of the main symptoms of BPH include

Urinary Frequency, particularly at night
The urgent need to urinate right away
Hesitant urine flow
Intermittent urine flow causing it to start and stop
Slow urine flow
Signs of blood in the urine
The bladder never feels empty
Dribbling after urinating
Intense pain or a burning sensation during or after urinating
Impotence
Painful orgasms

These kinds of symptoms can make finding a restroom quickly a real problem, not to mention feeling uncomfortable a great deal of the time. These symptoms can lead to a negative impact on the quality of life. At some point, it will more than likely become necessary to see an urologist for an evaluation. If you are diagnosed as having BPH, your urologist will recommend treatment. Since there is no known cure for benign prostatic hyperplasia, finding relief for the symptoms is the goal.

Because of the high numbers of men suffering from BPH, a significant amount of research has been carried out to determine its cause and to find more efficient, less invasive medical treatments. Below are some of the currently offered treatment solutions.

Treating Mild Symptoms

If the BPH symptoms are mild and don't have a major effect on daily life, treatment can come down to simply having your urologist monitor the progression of the disease. Unfortunately, this is usually only a temporary solution because more than likely the prostate will continue to grow. At some point, more advanced treatments methods will be necessary. In most cases, advanced treatment is highly recommended because of the probability that it will eventually harm the urogenital area.

As BPH progresses it causes the bladder wall to thicken and the muscles to weaken, until it can't completely empty itself. The end results can vary between urinary tract infections, urine retention, bladder stones, injury to the reproductive and urinary organ. If these conditions continue, urine can back up to the kidneys, leading to kidney stones and even renal disease.

Medication

Medications for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia are divided into three groups; those that relax the prostate and lower bladder muscles, allowing the urethra to open; those that stop or shrink the growth of the prostate gland; and those that boost the capacity of the bladder. This treatment solution involves the patient taking the medication for the rest of his life. These medications can be very effective however they do come with side effects like sexual performance issues that make this option unacceptable for most men.

Surgical Treatment

Surgical treatment options are described as invasive or minimally invasive, based on if the is tissue cut during the process. For the most part, both surgical treatment options have been effective in treating BPH. Transurethral Resection of the prostate is considered one of the best treatments for BPH today. The procedure is carried out in a hospital or even an out patient environment, using a general anesthesia, epidural or spinal anesthesia along with sedatives. The surgery itself takes around 90 minutes. The benefit of this course of action is its safety and performance in opening the urinary track.

A more invasive treatment for BPH is a procedure called Open Prostatectomy and involves a major abdominal surgical procedure. Carried out in a hospital with general anesthesia, the patient's abdomen is opened and the surgeon will either remove the gland all together or just remove the overgrowth. This procedure calls for a long recovery period.

A less invasive procedure focuses a substantial amount of energy on the overgrown prostate tissue. Each of these kinds of treatments uses different types of energy, along with a special method of applying it. Surgeons often use ultrasounds, lasers, radio frequency and microwaves which they direct at the prostate by moving into the urethra using a cystoscope. This is typically just a short term alternative, however it does provide relief from the discomforts of BPH. With this procedure the patient is released the same day. They can also return to their daily activities faster than the surgical procedures mentioned above.

In conclusion, when it comes to long term success in treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, the jury is still out regarding the actual success rate of treatment using either the non-surgical or surgical options.

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